The Effect of Population Density, GDP, and Waste Infrastructure on Waste Generation in Bali Province 2021-2024: Panel Data Regression Analysis

I Gede Kresnananda Wisesa; Runi Asmaranto; Dini Atikawati; Reny Tiarantika

doi:10.59261/inkubis.v8i2.355

Authors

I Gede Kresnananda Wisesa Universitas Brawijaya
Runi Asmaranto Universitas Brawijaya
Dini Atikawati Universitas Brawijaya
Reny Tiarantika Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59261/inkubis.v8i2.355

Keywords:

Waste Generation, Population Density, GDP Per Capita, Waste Management Infrastructure, Panel Data Regression, Bali Province

Abstract

Background: Waste generation is an increasingly complex environmental problem along with population growth and increased economic activity, especially in tourism-based areas such as Bali Province.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the influence of population density, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and waste management infrastructure on waste generation in all districts/cities in Bali Province in the 2021–2024 period using a panel data regression approach.

Methods: Secondary data was obtained from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Bali Province, and the Bali Province One Data Portal. The selection of the best model was carried out through the Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test, which resulted in a Random Effect Model (REM) as the selected estimation model.

Results: The results showed that population density and GDP per capita had a significant effect on waste generation with coefficient values of 50.35 and 0.58, respectively, while the variables of waste management infrastructure had no significant effect. The model was able to explain the variation in waste generation by 84.98% (R² = 0.8498).

Conclusion: These findings indicate that demographic and economic factors are the main determinants of waste generation in Bali Province, so waste management policies need to consider the dynamics of population growth and regional economic development.

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